Israel is at War - YouTube
发布时间 2023-10-06 16:00:00 来源
中英文字稿 
On the morning of October 7th, 2023, Hamas militants launched a massive surprise attack from the Gaza Strip, striking deep into Israeli territory. Israel then retaliated with a series of airstrikes inside Gaza. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu declared that Israel is officially at war with Hamas. He then gave orders to security forces to retake any Israeli villages that have Hamas militants in them. Hamas military commander, Muhammad Dif said quote, this is the day of the greatest battle to end the last occupation on earth. End quote. So according to Hamas, this is only the beginning of a very long battle that they've been planning for.
2023年10月7日上午，哈马斯武装分子从加沙地带发起了一次大规模突然袭击，深入以色列领土。以色列随后对加沙进行了一系列空袭报复。以色列总理内塔尼亚胡宣布以色列正式与哈马斯开战，并下令安全部队夺回被哈马斯武装分子占领的任何以色列村庄。哈马斯军事指挥官穆罕默德·迪夫说：“这是结束地球上最后一次占领的最伟大战役的一天。”所以据哈马斯所说，这只是他们计划已久的漫长战斗的开始。
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an incredibly sensitive and complex battle to cover. So I want to be upfront with you and let you know that I'm going to do my best to be as unbiased as possible and to focus on the ground war itself. What I'm not going to do is try to litigate the entire history of grievances between Israel and Palestine, which is an important aspect to the conflict, but it's beyond the scope of this video, and you can easily find that information elsewhere.
以色列 - 巴勒斯坦冲突是一场非常敏感和复杂的战斗。因此，我想事先告诉你，我会尽可能公正，并专注于地面战争本身。我不会试图解决以色列和巴勒斯坦之间所有历史纠纷，这是冲突的一个重要方面，但它超出了本视频的范围，并且你可以在其他地方轻松找到这些信息。
We hear about skirmishes between Israel and Palestine frequently over the past few years, but what's different about this attack is its level of sophistication and coordination. Because prior to this attack, Hamas had used very different tactics focusing on mortars, kamikaze bombings, rocket attacks and small arms, ambushes against Israeli defense forces. This is a major departure from the old strategy of harassing attacks. Hamas militants attacked via flying in by paraglider, infiltrating from the Mediterranean Sea on boats and tearing down barriers to move over land. So what we're going to do is analyze the situation on the ground using open source intelligence tools.
我们经常听说过去几年以色列和巴勒斯坦之间的小冲突，但这次袭击的不同之处在于其高度复杂和协调的程度。因为在这次袭击之前，哈马斯一直采用非常不同的策略，主要集中在迫击炮、自杀式爆炸、火箭袭击和小型武器上，对以色列国防部队进行伏击。这是对常规骚扰袭击的重大背离。哈马斯激进分子通过滑翔伞飞行、从地中海上的船只渗透，并拆除障碍物在陆地上移动进行袭击。因此，我们要做的是利用开放源情报工具分析地面状况。
At the end, we'll talk about the potential reasons for why this might be happening right now, according to both sides. Take a look at this live conflict map here. It shows us geotagged evidence of what's happening on the ground in real time linked to GPS coordinates. This Israeli checkpoint appears to have been overrun about 10 kilometers away from the 1950 Armistice Agreement line at the Gaza Strip. The extent of the militants advance appears to be about 20 kilometers away from the border so these roads here that we can see leading out of Gaza are protected by checkpoints. Video evidence shows right outside Gaza this outpost was breached by Palestinian militants. Here we see militants captured in a mayor heavy armored personnel carrier and it's fitted with an expensive high tech trophy active protection system that shoots down incoming RPGs. It also looks to be a Mercava Mark IV main battle tank left behind.
最后，我们将根据双方的观点讨论造成当前情况的潜在原因。请看这张实时冲突地图。它向我们展示了与GPS坐标相关的实时地面情况。这个以色列的检查站似乎被攻破，距离加沙地带的1950年停战协议线约10公里。激进分子的推进范围似乎距离边境约20公里，所以我们能看到的这些通往加沙的道路都受到检查站的保护。视频证据显示，在加沙地带外面，巴勒斯坦激进分子攻破了这个前哨站。我们看到这些激进分子被捕时乘坐一辆装甲车，并配有一套昂贵的高科技战斗保护系统，可以拦截来袭的火箭筒。还有一辆看上去像是被遗弃的梅尔卡瓦Mark IV主战坦克。
Each of those systems costs about six million dollars. Now Israel has an estimated 220 Numeri IFEs and 400 Mercava tanks according to open source intelligence so the loss of a dozen armored vehicles won't be a strategic level loss. But from Hamas's point of view, it's a major PR victory that they can parade these armored vehicles around Gaza now. Satellite mode on the live conflict map shows us the geography of the terrain located just outside the Gaza Strip. Inside Israel, where the fighting is largely taking place, this area is flat open fields and farmland that stretches until some major cities and built up areas further to the south is the desert arid region. Israel had relied on fences and barbed wire as protection and defenses here. They possibly didn't expect an organized attack pre-planned to destroy these obstacles.
每个系统的成本约为六百万美元。根据公开的情报，以色列现在拥有大约220辆Numeri IFE和400辆梅卡瓦坦克，所以失去几辆装甲车不会构成战略层面的损失。但从哈马斯的角度来看，他们能够在加沙大规模展示这些装甲车是一个重大的公关胜利。卫星模式在实时战斗地图上向我们展示了加沙地带外的地形地理。在以色列内部，战斗主要发生在这个区域，这是平坦开阔的田地和农田，一直延伸到南部的一些主要城市和已建成区域，再往南则是沙漠干旱地区。以色列以前依靠栅栏和铁丝网来保护和防御这里。他们可能没预料到一场有组织的预先计划的攻击会摧毁这些障碍物。
The southern region of Israel is one of six different regions in the country. Its population in the southern region is about 79% Jewish and 12.7% Arab and Muslim. The population of the southern district is just over a million people and its area is 14,185 square kilometers. It's the largest district in terms of land area but the most sparsely populated. It covers most of the Naguev desert as well as the Araba Valley.
以色列南部地区是该国六个不同地区之一。该地区的人口中，约有79%是犹太人，12.7%是阿拉伯人和穆斯林。南部地区的人口有一百多万人，占地面积为14,185平方公里。它是占地面积最大但人口最稀少的地区。该地区包括了大部分内盖夫沙漠和阿拉巴峡谷。
Looking at these Israeli outposts that are being overrun and attacked, they remind me of the outpost I lived on when I was in Iraq. We're talking about small combat outpost with likely two squads of 20 soldiers or a platoon of 40 soldiers rotating through the outpost. The way it works is 40 soldiers are on duty, man in guard towers, doing patrols, while the other 40 are off duty from the rotation possibly back at a larger base. Obviously not many troops here protecting these areas.
看着这些以色列前哨被攻击和占领，让我想起了我在伊拉克住过的前哨。我们说的是一个小型作战前哨，可能有两个由20名士兵组成的小分队或者一个由40名士兵组成的排在前哨中轮流驻守。工作方式是有40名士兵值班，守卫塔楼，进行巡逻，而其他40名士兵在轮班休息时，可能回到更大的基地。显然这里没有很多军队来保护这些地区。
The base is probably about the size of a football field or two and its main defense is that it's surrounded by slabs of concrete walls that are 12 feet high and several inches thick. This type of outpost has a major weakness though, its entrance gate where the concrete stops and opens up. An outpost like this would have between four and eight armored vehicles likely stationed here. Gun battles are raging here where the IDF is pouring in to try to reclaim these outposts.
这个基地的面积可能相当于一个或两个足球场大小，它的主要防御措施是用高达12英尺、几英寸厚的混凝土墙围起来。然而，这种前哨基地有一个主要弱点，就是混凝土停止并敞开的入口门。这样的前哨基地可能会驻扎四到八辆装甲车。以色列国防军正在投入战斗，试图夺回这些前哨基地，激烈的枪战正在这里进行。
Checkpoints will be located strategically along the roads leading out of Gaza here. Each are equipped well enough to slow down a major offensive but they're not really designed to stop an overwhelming force and clearly they were caught by surprise. Outposts and checkpoints along the roads slowed down Hamas and gave Israel time to coordinate a larger retaliation attack. But Hamas still reached several major towns with populations of around 30,000 people.
这里将沿着通往加沙的道路布置战略性的检查站。它们都配备得足够强大，可以减缓一场重大攻势，但并非真正设计用于抵挡强大的力量，显然它们被突然袭击所措手不及。沿途的前哨和检查站延缓了哈马斯的行动，并给以色列争取了时间，以协调一次更大规模的报复袭击。但哈马斯仍然到达了几个人口约为30,000的主要城镇。
You can see here in the live conflict map that all of the orange tags inside of Gaza strip that you're looking at here are Israeli retaliatory strikes including artillery and air sorties. Some of the icons show helicopters which tells us that Israel's AH-64 Apache attack helicopter is going to work on targets inside Gaza with the AGM-114 Hellfire missiles or hydro rockets. Israel has a total of 81 attack helicopters of different varieties.
您可以在这张实时冲突地图中看到，目前您所关注的加沙地带内所有的橙色标记都代表以色列的报复性打击，包括炮击和空袭。其中一些图标显示直升机，这告诉我们以色列的AH-64阿帕奇攻击直升机将使用AGM-114地狱火导弹或水火箭对加沙内的目标进行打击。以色列总共拥有81架不同型号的攻击直升机。
Dozens of Israeli Air Force fighter jets struck Hamas targets inside the Gaza Strip on October 7th. According to the Israeli Air Force, 17 Hamas military compounds and four command headquarters of Hamas throughout the Gaza Strip were struck on October 7th. Israel operates the American-made F-15, F-16, F-35 and the French Mirage 2000 bomber with an inventory of about 580 combat aircraft in total.
以色列空军的数十架战斗机于10月7日袭击了加沙地带内的哈马斯目标。据以色列空军称，10月7日袭击了加沙地带内17个哈马斯军事设施和4个指挥总部。以色列空军共配备了美国制造的F-15、F-16、F-35以及法国幻影2000轰炸机，总共约有580架作战飞机。
Hamas reportedly struck four Israeli helicopters with surface-to-air missiles so far likely with the Russian-made handheld 9K-38 Igla. Part of the reason this attack is concerning for Israel is because preliminary reports indicate that Hamas struck deep enough to force Israel to evacuate one of their air bases near the Gaza Strip according to this video evidence that we see here jets are being moved to safety.
据报道，哈马斯用地对空导弹袭击了四架以色列直升机，很可能是使用俄罗斯制造的手持式9K-38伊格拉导弹。这次袭击对以色列来说是令人担忧的部分原因是初步报告表明，哈马斯打击的力度足以迫使以色列撤离位于加沙地带附近的一座空军基地，根据我们从这里观看的视频证据，喷气式飞机正被转移到安全地区。
Reports on the ground claim Hamas gunmen are opening fire on any Israeli cars that pass by in the town of Stairot. The fighting is happening in Stairot at the police station here. This city has a population of about 30,000 people and it's located less than one mile from the Gaza Strip. Israel spent over $150 million on bomb shelters here due to the fact that over 8,000 rockets have been fired at them since 2001. Footage on social media show firefights raging inside this city and Hamas gunmen appear to be patrolling the countryside here at this point in time.
据地面报道，哈马斯武装分子正在斯塔尤罗特镇对过往的以色列车辆开火。这场战斗发生在斯塔尤罗特的警察局。这个城市有大约3万人口，距离加沙地带不到1英里。以色列在这里投资了1.5亿美元用于建设防空洞，因为自2001年以来已有超过8000枚火箭被发射到他们身上。社交媒体上的视频显示，这座城市内正在进行激烈的战斗，哈马斯武装分子似乎正在巡逻农村地区。
I've gone through and watched all the videos that have been posted online and there's a lot I'm not going to show you here and it's the kind of things you probably wouldn't want to see anyway. It's absolutely awful what's unfolding right now to the people who live here. The live conflict map shows us how Hamas used a homemade 114 millimeter short range Rajam missile system in their offensive against Israel which is a kind of rocket artillery meant to saturate an area. This is a tool that helped Hamas fire 5,000 rockets so quickly into Israel. There's usually only a 15 second warning from Israel's air defense system and alarm system when the rockets are first fired. Even though these aren't large munitions, the sheer volume of fire is designed to overwhelm Israel's air defense system attempting to shoot down these rockets. The rocket attacks have reached into Israel's capital city of Tel Aviv.
我已经查看并观看了所有在网上发布的视频，这里有很多东西我不会在这里显示给你看，而且这些东西你可能也不想看。对于居住在这里的人们来说，正在发生的事情真的很可怕。实时的冲突地图显示哈马斯在对以色列的进攻中使用了一种自制的114毫米短程拉贾姆导弹系统，这是一种旨在饱和一个区域的火箭炮。这是一种帮助哈马斯迅速向以色列发射了5000枚火箭弹的工具。当火箭被首次发射时，以色列的防空系统和警报系统通常只有15秒的预警时间。尽管这些弹药不大，但火力的规模设计用来压倒以色列的防空系统，试图击落这些火箭弹。这些火箭袭击已经扩及以色列的首都特拉维夫。
This live update shows internet activity has gone down inside the capital from the attacks. Israel has 170,000 active duty personnel but they also have 465,000 reserve forces to pull from because service is mandatory in Israel and according to their military they're prepared to mobilize hundreds of thousands of reservists now in response to these attacks. Israel has conscription and it's considered kind of a rite of passage for them.
这个实时更新显示，由于袭击事件，首都内的互联网活动已经减少。以色列有17万名现役人员，但他们还拥有46.5万名预备役人员可调动，因为在以色列服役是义务性的，根据他们的军队表示，他们已准备好动员数十万名预备役人员以应对这些袭击。以色列实行征兵制度，对他们来说，这被认为是一种成年仪式。
You might wonder why there isn't a long trench along the entire region here. The reason the defenses are set up as spread out checkpoints along the roads instead of one long trench or one single front line is partly because it would be extremely expensive and taxing on the Israeli army to man that fortification with thousands of soldiers year round if it was a clear front line that extended and stretched for 70 kilometers long around the entire Gaza Strip.
您可能会好奇为什么这里没有沿整个地区设立一条长长的壕沟。之所以将防御设施设置为分散的检查站沿着道路而不是一个长长的壕沟或一个单一防线，部分原因是如果建立一条明显的防线，环绕整个加沙地带延伸长达70公里，以年复一年地驻军这个设施需要耗费以色列军队大量的士兵和经费。
So instead troops are spread out to defend major population centers and some of these places appear to have been overrun. Whether that's briefly or not yet we don't know. Defense blog.com reported at least five Israeli Mercava tanks had been captured and 15 of Israel's tracked vehicles like the M113s are in Palestinian fighters hands.
所以，军队被分散到各个主要人口中心进行防御，其中一些地方似乎已经被攻陷。但我们不知道这是暂时的还是尚未发生。《Defense blog.com》报道称，至少有五辆以色列“梅卡瓦”坦克已被夺取，并且巴勒斯坦战士手中还有15辆像M113这样的以色列履带车辆。
The larger tanks probably aren't going to be as useful to Hamas because they likely wouldn't be able to maintain them or rearm them effectively for a long period of time but the smaller armored vehicles would be an important asset for them.
较大的坦克对哈马斯来说可能并不那么有用，因为他们很可能无法有效地维护或长期重新武装这些坦克，但较小型的装甲车辆对他们来说将是一项重要的资产。
Militants fired and estimated 5,000 rockets into Israel so far during their offensive operation. Israel's facing between 25,000 and 40,000 militant fighters in this offensive. Now you might say that's nothing compared to Israel's 170,000 active duty soldiers but that's not exactly an accurate way to think about it because Israel's soldiers need to be spread out over the entire country for one and they need to be relocated to the south now. Second, a higher ratio of Israel's forces are support and logistics not combat arms, infantry or frontline troops. Third, many of those soldiers would not be on duty right now.
激进分子在他们的进攻行动中向以色列发射了大约5,000枚火箭。在这次进攻中，以色列面对着25,000到40,000名激进分子。现在你可能会说，与以色列拥有的17万现役士兵相比，这不算什么，但这并不是一种准确的思考方式，因为首先，以色列的士兵需要分散在整个国家，其次，他们现在需要重新调配到南部。第三，以色列部队的高比例是支援和后勤部队，而不是作战部队、步兵或前线部队。第三，许多士兵现在可能不在执勤。
The main IDF military base in this region is called Rheem where the Gaza Division was located which was either captured by Hamas at one point or contested until about 8 p.m. local time when the IDF reported that they had recaptured it.
这个地区的主要以色列国防军军事基地被称为“瑞亚姆”，加沙师驻扎在那里。该基地曾在某个时间点被哈马斯夺取，或者一直处于争夺状态，直到当地时间晚上8点左右，以色列国防军报告称他们已经夺回了该基地。
So far estimates placed 200 Israeli KIA and over 1600 wounded and five soldiers as well as dozens of civilians are said to be captured by Hamas. Retaliation strikes from Israel reportedly killed 200 Palestinians and over 1,000 wounded as well.
迄今为止的估计数据显示，约有200名以色列士兵阵亡，1600多人受伤，并有5名士兵以及数十名平民据称被哈马斯俘虏。据报道，以色列的报复打击造成约200名巴勒斯坦人丧生，1000多人受伤。
Although this is a developing situation all of this information is subject to change.
尽管这是一个发展中的情况，但所有这些信息都有可能会发生变化。
One of the ways we can confirm the extent of the offensive is satellite imagery of fire caused by the fighting as seen here.
我们可以通过卫星图像来确认战斗引发的火灾的程度，该图像显示了火灾的范围。
The furthest extent of the fighting seems to be the town of off-chem in Israel with a population of 34,000 people. It's reportedly under attack and hostages have been taken here. It's about 22 kilometers from the Gaza Strip. According to the IDF, they're fighting at 22 different locations across southern Israel right now.
目前战斗的最远程度似乎是以色列的奥夫切姆镇，该镇人口为34,000人。据报道，该镇正在遭受攻击并有人质被劫持。它距离加沙地带约22公里。根据以色列国防军的说法，他们正在南部以色列的22个不同地点进行战斗。
We see here that Israel's second biggest power station, Ruttenberg, just outside Gaza was struck. Another geo-tag clash shows an Israeli Mercaba tank taking a direct hit from a drone dropping a bomb straight on top of its weaker top armor. This is a tactic that has recently become commonplace on the battlefield in Ukraine. Israeli tanks are designed with more armor on the top turret than some other countries because they're specifically meant to operate in urban conditions. So it's unclear from the footage how much damage was done to the tank if it was totaled or still salvageable. What we do know is that the engine is located in the front of the Mercaba unlike the Abrams, so the fire in this video could be the engine up in flames. This strategy of using drones was also used against a remote weapon system that shows how easily these drones can take out expensive remote-controlled turrets.
我们从这里看到以色列第二大发电站Ruttenberg被袭击了，它位于加沙城外。地理标记冲突的另一个事例显示以色列的梅卡瓦坦克受到了来自一架无人机的直接袭击，炸弹直接落在它较弱的顶部装甲上。这是一种最近在乌克兰战场上变得常见的战术。以色列坦克的上部炮塔比其他一些国家的装甲更重，因为它们专门设计用于在城市环境中作战。因此，从画面上看，我们不清楚坦克受到了多少损坏，它是否被彻底摧毁或者是否还能修复。我们唯一知道的是，梅卡瓦坦克的发动机位于前方，与艾布拉姆斯坦克不同，所以视频中的火焰可能是发动机着火了。这种使用无人机的策略也被用来对抗远程武器系统，表明这些无人机很容易摧毁昂贵的遥控炮塔。
The section of territory highlighted in red on the map shows us the extent to which Hamas units have pushed into Israel. These sections are currently being contested and we can see its limit that they've reached about 22 kilometers at its furthest point, although I've been watching throughout the day and I can tell you that the red sections have gotten smaller throughout the day, so we don't know where this is going yet. It appears like Israel is already pushing the militants back.
地图上用红色标记出的领土部分告诉我们哈马斯部队在以色列境内的推进程度。这些区域目前正处于争夺中，我们可以看到它们已经达到了最远点约22公里的范围，尽管我整天都在观察，但我告诉你，这些红色区域在一天之内已经变小了，所以我们还不知道事态会向何处发展。看起来以色列已经开始将激进分子逼退。
It's important to keep in mind that Palestinians in Gaza are ruled by the group known as Hamas, that's doing these attacks right now, and the Palestinians in the West Bank are under the rival party, Fatah. Fatah is in charge of the Palestinian Liberation Organization or PLO, and they ruled the West Bank. They have renounced violence.
重要的是要记住，在加沙地带，巴勒斯坦人受到被称为哈马斯的组织统治，他们正在进行这些攻击，而在西岸，巴勒斯坦人则受到竞争对手法塔赫党的控制。法塔赫党负责巴勒斯坦解放组织（PLO），他们统治着西岸地区，并且已经放弃了暴力手段。
I'm oversimplifying some of this, but the PLO receives aid from the United States and the European Union. The US sends about 500 million dollars over the course of three years, and the EU has sent about 600 million per year to Palestine. The US perspective here is that they have attempted to send aid money to Palestine while attempting to prevent that aid from being used to fund military endeavors.
我在过于简化一些内容，但是巴解组织从美国和欧洲联盟获得援助。美国在三年内发送大约5亿美元，欧盟每年向巴勒斯坦发送大约6亿美元。美国的观点是他们试图向巴勒斯坦发送援助资金，同时努力防止该资金被用于军事活动。
Palestine has a population of 4.9 million people, and Israel has a population of 9.3 million. But who is Hamas in the first place? They're a militant movement and one of the Palestinian territories, two major political parties.
巴勒斯坦人口为490万人，以色列人口为930万人。但首先，哈马斯是什么？他们是巴勒斯坦领土的一个激进运动，并且是两个主要政党之一。
Hamas is known for covering 2 million Palestinians. It was in 1988 that Hamas first published what is their charter. The charter basically called for the destruction of Israel, and they originally wanted to establish an Islamic society inside what is known as historic Palestine. Since then, in 2017, Hamas has walked that back a little bit and created a new document that seemed to accept an interim Palestinian state along the quote unquote, green line border that was established before the Six Day War.
哈马斯以帮助保护200万巴勒斯坦人民而闻名。哈马斯在1988年首次发布了他们的宪章。该宪章基本上呼吁摧毁以色列，并且最初希望在所谓的历史巴勒斯坦地区内建立一个伊斯兰社会。自那时以来，哈马斯在2017年有所收敛，并制定了一份新的文件，似乎接受了六日战争前成立的所谓“绿线边界”沿线的临时巴勒斯坦国家。
For a year old, dummies like me can be confusing to figure out where Palestine is, because it includes the West Bank, which is territory between modern day Israel and Jordan, as well as the Gaza Strip, which borders what modern day is real in Egypt. These territorial lines have frequently changed over the past few decades, also making it more complicated. Sometimes, like in this case, a state, territory, or nation can be split into different parts that aren't connected to each other. When this happens, we say this territory is fragmented or discontinuous.
对于一个一岁的孩子来说，像我这样的傻瓜很难理解巴勒斯坦在哪里，因为它包括了巴勒斯坦地区，这是以色列和约旦之间的领土，以及加沙地带，它与现在的以色列接壤，靠近埃及。这些领土线在过去几十年里经常变化，增加了复杂性。有时，在像这种情况下，一个国家、领土或民族会被分割成不相连的部分。当发生这种情况时，我们说这个领土是分裂的或不连续的。
Even talking about these kinds of seemingly non-controversial aspects can get you into hot water, though, because 138 out of 193 countries recognize Palestine as an actual country, the United States does not. Meanwhile, 165 out of 193 countries recognize Israel as a country. When a territory is split, it can lead to political disputes, and conflicts may arise from these geographical divisions. From Israel's perspective, they're fearful that they could face attacks from both the East in Gaza and west from the West Bank. There's a route or corridor that connects the West Bank to Gaza Strip, which Israel monitors to make sure weapons aren't being shipped between them.
即便是谈论这些看似无争议的方面，也可能会让你陷入热水之中。这是因为在193个国家中，有138个国家将巴勒斯坦认定为一个真实存在的国家，而美国则不承认。与此同时，有165个国家将以色列视为一个国家。当一个地区被分割时，可能会引发政治争议，并且这些地理分歧可能导致冲突的发生。从以色列的角度来看，他们担心自己可能会面临来自东方加沙和西方约旦河西岸的攻击。约旦河西岸和加沙地带之间有一条连接通道，以色列对此进行监控，以确保武器不会在两地之间进行运输。
To get an idea of what type of Hamas units are participating in this attack, we see here it's the al-Kasam Brigades from the secure squadron. They're one of the units participating in what Hamas is calling Operation Al-Aqsa Flood, although I've also seen it called Al-Aqsa Storm elsewhere. Israel's calling their response their counter-offensive Operation Iron Sword. What happens is many of these smaller outposts are getting hit, and now Israel will respond from larger bases that have been positioned further away from the front. The Israeli military did confirm that several towns are in Hamas's control as of October 7th.
为了了解参与这次袭击的哈马斯单位的类型，我们在这里看到的是安全中队的哈马斯·卡萨姆旅。他们是参与哈马斯所称的“阿克萨洪水行动”的单位之一，尽管我在其他地方也见过它被称为阿克萨风暴。以色列称他们的反击行动为“铁剑行动”。发生的情况是许多这些较小的前哨站遭受袭击，现在以色列将从更远离前线的大型基地进行回击。以色列军方确实证实，截至10月7日，哈马斯控制了几个城镇。
The United States Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin made a statement about the attack, saying, quote, Our commitment to Israel's right to defend itself remains unwavering, and I extend my condolences to the families of those who lost their lives in this abhorrent attack on civilians. Over the coming days, the Department of Defense will work to ensure that Israel has what it needs to defend itself and protect civilians from indiscriminate violence and terrorism.
美国国防部长劳埃德·J·奥斯丁发表了关于这次袭击的声明，称：“我们对以色列保卫自身权利的承诺始终如一，并向在这次对平民令人憎恶的袭击中失去生命的家属们表示慰问。在接下来的几天里，国防部将努力确保以色列获得捍卫自身和保护平民免受无差别暴力和恐怖主义的必需物资。”
A large portion of Israel's military technology and equipment comes from the United States. There are US troops stationed in Israel right now, and according to Brigadier General Pat Ryder, the Pentagon's top spokesman, these soldiers are safe and accounted for with no troop movements planned right now. According to this US government document, the US in 2022 upped their military aid to Israel from $2.6 billion per year in 1999 to today standing at about $3.8 billion in assistance. Part of this aid was designed to make Israel's defense more self-sufficient.
以色列的大部分军事技术和装备来自美国。现在有美军驻扎在以色列，根据五角大楼首席发言人帕特·赖德将军的说法，这些士兵目前安全，没有计划进行军队调动。根据美国政府的文件，在2022年，美国将向以色列的军事援助从1999年的每年26亿美元提高到现在的约38亿美元。其中一部分援助旨在使以色列的防御更加自给自足。
Stating, quote, US military aid also has helped Israel build its domestic defense industry, which now ranks as one of the top global arms exporters. Israel spends 4.3% of their $488 billion GDP on defense, or about $23 billion in 2022. Hamas, on the other hand, likely spends $1 billion annually and receives their funding from various assortment of nations, including Iran. In fact, the US State Department claims Iran provides $100 million to Hamas each year. Although US sanctions against Iran after pulling out of the Iran nuclear deal might have limited this number more recently, dozens of countries including the United States and the European Union have designated Hamas as an official terrorist organization. The US added them to that list in 1997.
引述美国军事援助还帮助以色列建设了国内的国防工业，如今以色列已经成为全球顶级军火出口国之一。以色列在2022年将把其4,880亿美元国内生产总值的4.3%用于国防开支，大约230亿美元。而哈马斯可能每年仅花费10亿美元，并且从包括伊朗在内的多个国家得到资金支持。事实上，美国国务院声称伊朗每年向哈马斯提供1亿美元，尽管美国退出伊朗核协议后对伊朗实施了制裁，可能最近限制了这个数字，但包括美国和欧盟在内的数十个国家将哈马斯列为官方恐怖组织。美国于1997年将哈马斯列入该名单。
On the other hand, many other nations only apply that label of terror organizations specifically to its military wing. Some people in the United States are angry at President Biden for working on a prisoner exchange deal with Iran, where the United States recently, about a week ago, unfrows $6 billion of funds for Iran, which critics claim could be used to fund Hamas. And what was Iran's response to the attacks in Israel on October 7th? Iran's leader Ayatollah Khomeini, top military advisor, said Tehran supported the attacks by Hamas against Israel on Saturday and would continue to back the Islamist fighters. Quote, until the liberation of Palestine and Jerusalem.
然而，许多其他国家只将恐怖组织这一标签专门应用于其军事部门。一些美国人对拜登总统与伊朗进行囚犯交换协议感到愤怒，美国在大约一周前向伊朗解凍了60亿美元资金，批评人士称这些资金可能被用于资助哈马斯。那么伊朗对10月7日以色列的袭击做出了何种回应？伊朗领导人哈梅内伊的高级军事顾问表示，德黑兰支持哈马斯对以色列的攻击，并将继续支持伊斯兰战斗者，直到巴勒斯坦和耶路撒冷被解放。
And this starts to get us into the crux of the issue here and why this attack might have possibly occurred. The attack took place on a Jewish holiday 50 years and one day after the Egyptian and Syrian forces attacked Israel during the Jewish holiday of Yom Kapoor. There is suspicion that Iran might have played a very direct role in helping to support and plan these attacks by Hamas against Israel. Why now? The suggested reason is that Iran is trying to prevent their main rival Saudi Arabia from normalizing ties with Israel.
这就开始涉及到问题的核心所在，以及为什么这次攻击可能会发生。这次攻击发生在一个犹太假日的50年后，也就是埃及和叙利亚军队在犹太假日约姆基普尔（Yom Kippur）期间袭击以色列的一天。有人怀疑伊朗可能在支持和策划哈马斯对以色列的袭击中起到了非常直接的作用。为什么选择现在？有人提出的原因是，伊朗正试图阻止他们的主要竞争对手沙特阿拉伯与以色列正常化关系。
On the other hand, Palestinian news outlets claim the attack is because 2023 has been the deadliest year for Palestine in over two decades, with 200 Palestinians being killed this year. So from Palestine's point of view, they're claiming that they say that this is because of atrocities committed by Israel. It could be a combination of several different factors.
另一方面，巴勒斯坦的新闻机构声称此次袭击是因为2023年是巴勒斯坦过去20多年来伤亡最惨重的一年，今年已有200名巴勒斯坦人死亡。因此，从巴勒斯坦的观点来看，他们声称这是由以色列所犯下的暴行引起的。这可能是多种不同因素的综合结果。
The United States would like to see Saudi Arabia and Israel sign some kind of agreement to normalize relations. According to the Saudi Crown Prince, Muhammad bin Salman, they're getting closer and closer to reaching a deal between Saudi Arabia and Israel. That alliance would have been very bad news for Iran. Since 2020, there's been a group of different Arab countries, including and led by the United Arab Emirates, have opened up diplomatic relations with Israel. This is a concept known as Reproshman. That's important to understand here. Reproshman basically means an establishment or resumption of harmonious relations between two countries. And it appeared like the Middle East was possibly heading towards resolving some long held disputes.
美国希望看到沙特阿拉伯和以色列签署某种形式的关系正常化协议。根据沙特阿拉伯王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼的说法，他们正在越来越接近达成沙以协议。这个联盟对伊朗来说无疑是个坏消息。自2020年以来，包括并由阿拉伯联合酋长国领导的一些不同阿拉伯国家已经与以色列建立了外交关系。这个概念被称为“摒弃敌意”。在这里理解这个概念很重要。摒弃敌意基本上意味着两个国家之间建立或恢复了和谐的关系，而中东地区似乎正朝着解决一些长期存在的争端迈进。
The Saudi foreign ministry put out an official statement and called for an immediate halt to the fighting protection for civilians. And they also noted its previous warnings to Israel about the effects of its ongoing occupation of Palestinian territory. That's what the Saudi Arabia said. Here's footage of Iran's parliament yelling death to Israel, which might be why people believe Iran planned this attack. So these attacks by Hamas could be an attempt to prevent this alliance between Israel and Saudi Arabia from going through.
沙特外交部发表了一份官方声明，呼吁立即停止战斗，以保护平民。他们还指出了之前向以色列发出的警告，关于其对巴勒斯坦领土的持续占领所产生的影响。这就是沙特阿拉伯所说的。这里有伊朗议会高喊"死亡以色列"的视频，这可能是人们认为伊朗策划了这次袭击的原因。因此，哈马斯的这些袭击可能是为了阻止以色列和沙特阿拉伯之间的联盟达成。
What might happen from here on out is that Israel may launch wider attacks against Hamas and Gaza. I mean, if we look back at the 2008 conflict in Gaza, the war zone run by Tyler Rajway pointed out that at that time Israel launched a 15 day long ground assault into Gaza on January 3, 2009. And that attack resulted in 1440 Palestinians being KIA and only 13 Israeli deaths. And according to a 2009 US congressional research service report, quote, Israel's technological superiority and reliance on heavy armor and firepower contributed to a wide disparity in casualties. So it's possible that we could see that happen again. It's also possible that Hezbollah could open up a second front in the north on Israel's northern border or more attacks could come from the West Bank.
从现在开始可能发生的情况是以色列可能对哈马斯和加沙发动更广泛的攻击。我的意思是，如果我们回顾一下2008年在加沙的冲突，由泰勒·拉杰韦指挥的战区指出，当时以色列于2009年1月3日对加沙进行了为期15天的地面进攻。这次进攻导致1440名巴勒斯坦人阵亡，仅有13名以色列人死亡。根据2009年美国国会研究服务机构的报告，引用的话是：“以色列的技术优势和重型装甲和火力的依赖导致了伤亡的巨大差异。”所以可能我们会看到这种情况再次发生。黎巴嫩真主党也有可能在北部以色列的边界上开辟第二战线，或者更多的袭击可能来自约旦河西岸。
If you want to stay in the loop and up to date on this issue, follow me at Cappy Army on Instagram. I'll be publishing updates on there. This conflict is a tragedy that has been going on in different forms for many decades. And my final message to you is that I hope this war ends quickly with as little human suffering as possible.
如果你想时刻了解并跟上这个问题的最新情况，请在Instagram上关注我的账号Cappy Army。我会在那里发布更新。这场冲突是一个长达数十年以来以不同形式发生的悲剧。我最后想对你说的是，我希望这场战争能够尽快结束，尽量减少人们的苦难。