以下是内容的中文翻译： Ben Gilbert 和 David Rosenthal 主持了一期 "Acquired" 节目，聚焦于美国最大的国防承包商洛克希德·马丁公司。他们指出，讨论一家生产 "杀人机器" 的公司存在固有的道德冲突，这些机器对于国家安全至关重要，但也造成了巨大的破坏力。他们强调，这些武器的使用权掌握在美国总统手中。 这期节目重点关注洛克希德公司历史上两个关键且相互交织的时期：一个是 "臭鼬工厂" 时代，另一个最初没有明确命名的时代，最终与硅谷的诞生紧密相连。故事始于艾伦·洛克希德（原名 Loughead），他创立了最初的洛克希德公司，随后是他的兄弟马尔科姆，他后来发明了汽车液压制动系统。之后，罗伯特·格罗斯以 4 万美元的价格收购了破产的洛克希德部门，这成为了现代洛克希德公司的基础。 随后节目进入“臭鼬工厂”部分。“臭鼬工厂”是二战期间洛克希德公司的一个高度机密部门，由克拉伦斯·“凯利”·约翰逊领导，他是一位才华横溢且以严厉著称的工程师。约翰逊的任务是制造一种美国喷气式战斗机，以对抗德国的新技术。他组建了一支精干的精英团队，在一个塑料工厂旁的马戏团帐篷里工作。他们在 143 天内交付了原型机，即 P-80 “流星”战斗机，成为了美国军方第一架喷气式战斗机。“臭鼬工厂”的成功关键在于快速的产品交付、最少的官僚主义、一支技术精湛且积极性高的团队，以及凯利·约翰逊的独裁领导。关键原则包括限制团队规模，将控制权下放给项目经理，以及奖励绩效而非监督角色。 约翰逊继续发展“臭鼬工厂”部门。冷战提供了一个新的任务：情报收集。“臭鼬工厂”制造了 U-2 间谍飞机，设计飞行高度为 7 万英尺，超出苏联防御范围。他们与宝丽来公司的埃德温·兰德合作，开发了用于空中侦察的先进相机。U-2 在内华达州的格鲁姆湖进行测试，该地现在被称为 51 区，引发了关于不明飞行物的传闻。 1960 年 U-2 被击落，结束了飞越苏联的侦察飞行后，洛克希德公司的另一个秘密部门介入了。这使得故事转移到硅谷。斯坦福大学教授弗雷德里克·特曼在二战期间曾在哈佛的无线电实验室工作，战后他回到斯坦福大学，并将这所大学转变为工程学的强大中心。他招募了顶尖人才，彻底改变了技术转让政策，并建立了斯坦福工业园区（现在的研究园区）。这个新的园区将在洛克希德公司落户硅谷的过程中发挥最重要的作用。 1955 年，洛克希德公司在园区内建立了导弹系统部门，后来更名为洛克希德导弹与航天公司 (LMSC)。到 20 世纪 60 年代中期，LMSC 在硅谷雇用了 3 万名员工，甚至超过了惠普公司。LMSC 开发了洲际弹道导弹 (ICBM) 和潜艇发射的核武器。此外，他们还建造了 Corona，这是第一颗在太空中拍摄照片的侦察卫星，必须将胶片通过空投罐的方式传递给政府，并由一架飞机在空中用钩子将其捕获。Corona 的成功催生了更先进的卫星计划，包括实时监控能力（KENEN），这是一个直到最近才被解密的高度机密项目。LMSC 还建造了哈勃太空望远镜。LMSC 采用的是类似于臭鼬工厂的管理原则。 该计划的成本非常高昂。冷战的结束和优先事项的改变导致了国防工业的整合。1995 年，洛克希德公司与马丁·马里埃塔公司合并，组成了洛克希德·马丁公司。然而，这似乎已经太晚了。到合并之时，团队、政府和心态都发生了变化，“臭鼬工厂”部门与节目开头所描述的情况已经大相径庭。 Gilbert 和 Rosenthal 使用 Hamilton Helmer 的 “七种力量” 框架分析了洛克希德·马丁公司，得出的结论是，由于该公司与单一客户的独特关系，它拥有的“力量”有限。因此，这个框架并不适用，他们转而分析了美国在军事制造方面存在的一些问题。他们讨论了军事工业复合体的含义、战争性质的改变，以及威胁在刺激创新中的作用。他们强调，强大的美国生活方式归功于强大的军队和过去威胁所激发的创新。最终，这段历史旨在帮助人们理解美国工程和文化的动机。

Ben Gilbert and David Rosenthal host an episode of “Acquired” focusing on Lockheed Martin, the largest U.S. defense contractor. They note the inherent moral conflict in discussing a company that produces "killing machines," critical for national defense but responsible for immense destructive power. They emphasize that the use of these weapons rests with the President of the United States. The episode zeroes in on two key interwoven periods in Lockheed’s history: the era of the “Skunk Works” and a second, initially unnamed era, which would end up as directly tied to the birth of Silicon Valley. The story begins with Alan Lockheed (originally Loughead), who founded the initial Lockheed company, followed by his brother Malcolm who would later invent the hydraulic brake system for cars, before becoming Robert Gross bought the bankrupt Lockheed division for $40,000 which would become the foundation of the modern Lockheed. Then the Skunk Works portion of the show begins. Skunk Works was an ultra-secret Lockheed division during World War II led by Clarence "Kelly" Johnson, a brilliant and notoriously tough engineer. Tasked with creating a U.S. jet fighter to counter new German technology, Johnson assembled a small, elite team in a circus tent next to a plastics factory. They delivered the prototype, the P-80 Shooting Star, in 143 days which becomes the US military's first jet fighter. Skunk Works' success hinged on rapid product delivery, minimal bureaucracy, a skilled and highly motivated team, and the autocratic leadership of Kelly Johnson. Key tenets included limiting team size, delegating control to the project manager, and rewarding performance over supervisory roles. Johnson continues to build the Skunk Works division. The Cold War provides a new mission: intelligence gathering. Skunk Works creates the U-2 spy plane, designed to fly at 70,000 feet, beyond the reach of Soviet defenses. Working with Polaroid's Edwin Land, they develop advanced cameras for aerial reconnaissance. The U-2 is tested at Groom Lake, Nevada, now known as Area 51, leading to UFO rumors. After the U-2 is shot down in 1960, ending flights over the Soviet Union, another secret Lockheed division steps in. This brings the story to Silicon Valley. Stanford professor Frederick Terman, after working at Harvard’s radio lab during WWII, returns to Stanford and transforms the university into an engineering powerhouse. He recruits top talent, revolutionizes tech transfer policies, and establishes the Stanford Industrial Park (now Research Park). This new park would have the most important role in bringing Lockheed there. In 1955, Lockheed establishes its Missile Systems Division in the Park, later renamed Lockheed Missile and Space Company (LMSC). By the mid-1960s, LMSC employs 30,000 people in Silicon Valley, eclipsing even Hewlett-Packard. LMSC develops intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and undersea-launched nuclear weapons. Also they build Corona, the first reconnaissance satellite to take photos in space and has to physically get the film to the government by dropping a canister and having a plan fly and catch it with a hook midair. Corona's success leads to advanced satellite programs, including real-time surveillance capabilities (KENEN), a project so secret only recently declassified. LMSC also builds the Hubble Space Telescope. LMSC operated with skunk works management principles. The program is incredibly costly. As a result The end of the Cold War and changing priorities bring consolidation to the defense industry. In 1995, Lockheed merges with Martin Marietta, forming Lockheed Martin. However this had come too late. By the time of the merger the team, the government and the mentality had all moved on and the Skunk Works division became a very different thing than what was described at the start. Gilbert and Rosenthal analyze Lockheed Martin using Hamilton Helmer’s “Seven Powers” framework, concluding that the company possesses limited “power” due to its unique relationship with a single customer. The framework is therefore not useful and they instead analyze some of the problems with how the United States is dealing with military manufacturing. They discuss the implications of the military-industrial complex and changing nature of warfare, and the role of threats in spurring innovation. They emphasize that a strong American way of life is due to the strong military and innovation spurred by past threats. Ultimately, this history is meant to be a way to understand the motivation for American engineering and culture.